In Punjab, exceptionally heavy monsoon rains in 2025 caused severe flooding, leading to widespread riverine and urban inundation and the displacement of millions. Multan district was among the worst affected, particularly the Saddar, Shujabad, and Jalalpur Pirwala tehsils. By mid-September, MSF deployed an assessment team to South Punjab and identified Jalalpur Pirwala as an area with significant unmet needs, with around 11,000 displaced people still dependent on humanitarian assistance. Health infrastructure was severely overstretched, with the relocation of the THQ hospital and limited access to functional health facilities in displacement camps.

In response, MSF launched an emergency intervention in Jalalpur Pirwala, providing primary healthcare services through mobile clinics in three locations. Activities included medical consultations, triage, referrals for chronic and emergency cases, and outbreak surveillance. MSF also distributed non-food items to flood-affected households in Moza Narol, including hygiene kits, kitchen kits, blankets, buckets, and mosquito nets, reaching 1,000 families.

In Alipur tehsil of Muzaffargarh district, another flood-affected area, MSF distributed hygiene kits containing blankets, water containers, and personal hygiene items to 200 families. MSF also supported the local health system by donating essential medicines and medical supplies to the district health office.

Improving maternal, newborn, and child health remains a key MSF priority in Pakistan. MSF provides mother and child healthcare services in Balochistan and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and is one of the largest international providers of such care in Balochistan. Services are delivered at the DHQ hospitals in Dera Murad Jamali and Chaman, while sexual and reproductive health services were previously provided in Kuchlak, Quetta, until the closure of the MCH programme in May 2024. In 2025, MSF expanded its maternal and newborn activities to Dogra Hospital in Bara tehsil, Khyber district.

In Dera Murad Jamali, Balochistan, MSF has been working since 2008 at the DHQ hospital, providing inpatient therapeutic feeding for malnourished children under five, paediatric and neonatal care, and a neonatal intensive care unit. MSF also delivers 24-hour emergency obstetric and newborn care, antenatal and postnatal services, family planning, and nutrition support for pregnant and lactating women. Complicated cases are referred to facilities in Sindh province. In collaboration with the Ministry of Health, MSF has also initiated the rollout of a hepatitis C programme at the hospital. MSF teams in Dera Murad Jamali regularly respond to medical emergencies, including floods, and support outbreak management for diseases such as cholera, measles, and diphtheria, alongside health promotion activities within the community.

In Chaman, MSF has been present since 2007, providing obstetric, neonatal, and paediatric care at the Old DHQ Hospital. Clinical activities were constrained in 2025 due to medical supply shortages, which led to the closure of the operating theatre in April. MSF continues to provide care to both Pakistani patients and Afghan refugees, although access for patients crossing from Afghanistan has been significantly restricted due to border closures and forced repatriation.

In Quetta, MSF’s primary healthcare project, established in 2006, focused on improving maternal, newborn, and child health for Afghan and local communities in Kuchlak and surrounding areas. Core services included antenatal, delivery, and postnatal care through a birthing unit. While the outpatient department for children under five closed in May 2024, immunisation activities continue in collaboration with the Ministry of Health’s Expanded Programme on Immunization.

In Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, MSF supports maternal and newborn care in Bara tehsil, Khyber district, where geographical barriers, insecurity, and referral delays contribute to preventable maternal and neonatal deaths. Working with the Department of Health, MSF is strengthening comprehensive emergency obstetric and newborn care at Dogra Hospital. Newborn unit activities began in mid-September following rehabilitation and construction works, alongside staff recruitment and training. In 2025, MSF admitted 99 patients to the facility.

MSF continues to provide free primary healthcare in Tirah Valley, Khyber district, where it remains the only organisation offering such services. Activities include general outpatient consultations, antenatal and postnatal care, and first aid for critical patients. While many residents have returned since 2021 after years of displacement, ongoing insecurity, incomplete reconstruction, and seasonal migration continue to affect access to healthcare. Seasonal disease patterns persist, with respiratory infections peaking in winter and malaria and diarrhoeal diseases increasing during summer, particularly among children under five.

Cutaneous leishmaniasis remains a significant public health concern in Pakistan, particularly in endemic areas. MSF supports diagnosis and treatment of the disease, which causes disfiguring skin lesions and carries a high risk of stigma. Although effective treatments exist, access remains limited within the public health system, reinforcing the need for continued specialised care and advocacy.